Evaluation of Endophytes for their Antimicrobial activity from Indigenous Medicinal Plants belonging to North Maharashtra region India

Abstract Evaluation of some endophytes have been carried for their possible antimicrobial activity from various parts of medicinal plants belonging to Jalgaon Maharashtra (India).A total of seventy eight bacterial endophytes and one hundred fourty two fungal endophytes were isolated from the aerial and underground parts of selected medicinal plants .Fifteen positive endophytic bacterial isolates and fourteen positive endophytic fungal isolates possess antifungal and antibacterial activity respectively. Bacterial isolates KB4 from roots of roots of P.glabra, NB6 from stem of E.globulus and HB3 from rhizomes of C.longa have strong antifungal activity. Endophytic fungi AFR1, AFR4, AFR7 from roots of A.vera possess strong antibacterial activity against S. typhi in dual culture assay

Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from the mangrove plant Sonneratia apetala (Buch.-Ham) from the Sundarbans mangrove forest

Endophytic fungi reside in the intercellular space of plant nourished by the plant. In return, they provide bioactive molecules which can play critical roles on plant defense system. Fifty six endophytes were isolated from the leaves, root, bark and fruits of Sonneratia apetala, a pioneer mangrove plant in the Sundarbans, Bangladesh. A total of 56 isolates were obtained and 12 different species within 8 genera were identified using morphological and molecular characteristics. Antimicrobial activity of Ethyl Acetate (EtOAc) and Methanolic (MeOH) extracts of these 12 different species were analyzed by resazurin assay and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) were determined. The fungal extracts showed antimicrobial activities against more than one tested bacterium or fungus among 5 human pathogenic microbes, i.e. Escherichia coli NCTC 12241, Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 12981, Micrococcus lutus NCTC 7508, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 7508 and Candida albicans ATCC 90028. Overall, Methanolic extracts showed greater activity than that of Ethyl Acetate extracts. Of the isolates identified, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium equiseti were the most active isolates and showed activity against microorganisms under investigation. Methanolic extracts of C. gloeosporioides and A. niger showed the lowest MIC (0.0024 mg/mL) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The study indicates that endophytic fungi isolated from S. apetala species posses potential antimicrobial properties, which could be further investigated